Outside of Western culture, men's clothing usually includes skirts and skirts like skirts; However, in North America and most of Europe, current skirts are typically seen as characteristic of women and girls and not men and boys, the most notable exceptions are robes and skirts. People have been trying so much to promote the wearing of skirts by men in Western culture and to eliminate these gender differences, albeit with limited general success and considerable cultural resilience.
Video Men's skirts
In Western culture
Ancient
Skirts have been worn since prehistoric times. They are the standard clothes for men and women in all ancient cultures in the Near East and Egypt.
The Sumerian kingdom of Mesopotamia whose greatest achievement was the invention of writing recorded two categories of clothing. The ritual attire for men is a feather skirt tied to a belt called Kaunakes. The term kaunakes, which was originally called sheep's fleece, was then applied to the garment itself. The animals that were originally used were replaced with kaunakes cloth, a textile that mimics the sheepskin skin. Kaunakes fabric also serves as a symbol in religious iconography, such as the robes of St. John's robe. John the Baptist.
The depiction of the king and his aide from the Old Assyrian Empire and Babylonia in monuments such as the Black Obelisk Salmanazar show the man wearing a rag cloth wrapped around their sleeve.
Ancient Egyptian clothes are mainly made of white linen. The exclusive use of linen clothing is attached and the use of a similar style by men and women remains unchanged as a key feature of Ancient Egyptian costume. From about 2,130 BC during the Old Kingdom of Egypt, men also wore skirts (kilts) known as shendyt, They were made from a piece of rectangular fabric that wrapped around the lower body and tied in front. By the Middle Kingdom of Egypt there is a mode for longer skirts, almost like a skirt, reaching from waist to ankle, sometimes hanging from underarms. During the New Kingdom of Egypt kilts with pleated triangle parts become fashionable for men. Below it is a triangle, or shente, with the ends tied with straps.
In Ancient Greece, a simple T-shaped T shaped tunic was constructed from three cloth tubes, a force derived from the Near East Semit, along with the Semitic-based khiton, also called chiton. Linen cloth worn is the main outfit for men and women.
The Romans adopted many aspects of Greek culture including the same way of dressing. The Celts and the Germans were dressed in skirts by historian Diodorus Siculus (1st century BC) called chiton. Below they wore knee-length trousers. The Anglo-Saxons, Normans, Franks and other Western and North Europeans continued this mode well into the Middle Ages, as can be seen in the Bayeux Tapestry.
Technological advances in weaving with leg floor looms and the use of scissors with knives and spinning handles in the 13-15th century led to new designs. The top of the dress can now be adjusted exactly to the body. The men's dress on the front button and the women's dress gets colletage dà © Å ©. The bottom of the men's dress is much longer than for women. They are cut wide and often folded with A-line so that horseback riding becomes more comfortable. Even the knight armor has a short metal skirt under the breastplate. It covers the rope attaching the iron essence of the upper leg to the breastplate.
Decline
Innovative new techniques, especially fixing pants and tights that are designed that require pieces of cloth that is more different than most skirts. Trousers and tight pants that are actually increasingly replacing the use of a common hose (clothing) that like stockings just cover the legs and should be attached with garter panties or double shorts. Clothes like skirts to cover the groin and bottom are no longer needed. In the transition phase to openly wear trousers, the upper classes prefer thick trousers and skirts that are diverted like a soft hose or the last petticoat pants.
Although for most of history, men and especially dominant males have been colorful in trousers and skirts like Hindu maharajas dressed in silks and diamonds or Louis XIV King of France with skirts, stockings, and long wigs. The French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution changed the dress code for men and women not only in France. From the early Victorian era, there was a decrease in the use of bright colors and luxurious fabrics by men, with a definite preference for the tranquility of the dress. The phenomenon is the English psychologist John FlÃÆ'¼gel called "The Great Masculine Renunciation". Wet skirt.
"Since then trousers have become the main outfit for men to wear, while women have their essential arrogance imposed on them with the dresses and skirts they expect to wear." In the mid-20th century, Western orthodox men's dresses, especially business and semi-formal wear, were dominated by plain clothes, plain shirts and ties. The connotation of pants as men has been exclusively lifted by the strength of the feminist movement while the connotation of skirts as mostly female still exists skirts of Scotland and fustanella of Albania and Greece as the only traditional European man's skirt.
Revival
In the 1960s, there was a widespread reaction to the accepted North American and European men's and women's clothing conventions. This unisex mode movement aims to eliminate the different styles between men and women. In practice, it usually means that women will wear men's clothing, shirts and trousers. Men rarely go so far in the adoption of traditional women's clothing fashions. The furthest thing most men did in the 1960s in this case were velvet trousers, shirts or patterned or shabby ties, and long hair.
In the 1970s, David Hall, a former research engineer at Stanford Research Institute (SRI), actively promoting the use of skirts for men, appeared on both The Staright Showcase Show Johnny Carson and the Phil Donahue Show . In addition, it was featured in many articles at the time. In his essay "Skirts for Men: advantages and disadvantages of various forms of body cover", he argues that men should wear skirts for symbolic and practical reasons. Symbolically, wearing a skirt will allow the man to take on the desired female characteristics. In practical terms, skirt, she suggests, do not get angry around the groin, and they are more suited for warmer climates.
In 1985 French fashion designer Jean-Paul Gaultier created his first skirt for a man. Breaking the social codes Gaultier often introduces the skirt into his men's clothing collection as a means of injecting men's clothing into men's suits, most notably the sheath seen at David Beckham. Other famous designers such as Vivienne Westwood, Giorgio Armani, John Galliano, Kenzo, Rei Kawakubo and Yohji Yamamoto also created a men's skirt. In the US Marc Jacobs became the most prominent supporter of the skirt for men. Milan's men's fashion show and New York fashion show often feature a skirt for men. Jonathan Davis, lead singer Korn, has been known to wear a kilt on live shows and in an 18-year-old music video of his career with the band. Mick Jagger from Rolling Stones and Anthony Kiedis from Red Hot Chili Peppers were photographed wearing dresses by Anton Corbijn. For the FCKH8 anti-fatal campaign, Iggy Pop is seen wearing black clothes and handbags. Guns N 'Roses artist Axl Rose is known to wear a man's skirt during the Use Your Illusion period. Robbie Williams and Martin Gore from Depeche Mode also performed on stage with a skirt. During his Berlin period (1984-1985) Martin Gore was often seen in public wearing a skirt. In an interview with Pop Special Magazin (7/1985) he said: "Sexual barriers and gender roles are outdated. [...] Me and my girlfriend often share our clothes and makeup. "Brand Nubian Lord Jamar criticizes Kanye West in wearing a skirt, saying that his style has no place in hip-hop.
In 2008 in France, an association was created to help spur a resurgence of skirts for men. Hot weather also encourages usage. In June 2013, Swedish train drivers won the right to wear skirts in summer when their cabin could reach 35Ã, ° C (95Ã,  ° F), while in July 2013, parents supported boys who wore skirts at Gowerton Comprehensive School in Wales.
Metropolitan Art Museum Exhibition
In 2003, the Metropolitan Art Museum exhibited an exhibition, hosted by Andrew Bolton and Harold Koda of the Museum of Costume Museum and sponsored by Gaultier, titled Bravehearts: Men in Skirts. The idea of ​​an exhibition is to explore how various groups and individuals (from hippies through pop stars to fashion designers) have promoted the idea of ​​men wearing skirts as "the future of menswear". It shows a man's skirt on the mannequins, as if in the window of a department store, in some historical and cross-cultural context.
The display shows the lack of a "natural connection" between clothing items and masculinity or the femininity of the wearer, mentioning the skirt as "one of the most powerful, versatile, and enduring skirt shapes often seen by fashion designers as a natural, unhindered, masculine symbol." This shows that fashion designers and male skirt wearers wear skirts for three purposes: to violate conventional moral and social codes, to redefine ideal masculinity, and inject newness into male mode. It links the wearing of men's skirts with youth movements and counter-cultural movements such as punk, grunge, and glam rock and pop music icons like Boy George, Miyavi, and Adrian Young. Many male musicians are wearing skirts and skirts both on stage and outside the stage. Wearing skirts by men is also found in the gothic subculture.
Elizabeth Ellsworth, a professor of media studies, eavesdropped on some visitors to the exhibition, noting that due to the placement of exhibits in the self-contained space accessed by the stairs at the end of the museum's first floor, the visitors were primarily themselves. selected as those who are quite interested in such an idea in the first place to actually look for it. According to his report, the reaction was widespread, from the number of women who teased their male friends about whether they would consider wearing a skirt (which some people responded to that they would) to the man who said, "Kaftan after a bath or at the gym? Can you imagine?" ! Come by! '"A teenage girl rejects in disgust the idea that the skirt is similar to the wide pants worn by a hip-hop artist.The two elderly ladies call the idea" absolutely ridiculous. "A man, reading the exhibit presentation about the subject wearing a man's skirt, men in cultures other than those in North America and Europe, observed, "God! Three quarters of the world's population [wearing skirts]! "
The exhibition itself is trying to provoke visitors to consider how, historically, the dress code of men has come to this point and whether in fact the trend of skirt use by men in the future really exists. It seeks to ask challenging questions about how simple things of clothed clothing (in Ellsworth's words) "big consequences in meaning, behavior, everyday life, the senses of self and others, and the configuration of insiders and outsiders."
Contemporary style
Wearing skirts, skirts, or similar clothes every day by men in Western culture is a very small minority. One contemporary style manufacturer of kilts claims to sell more than 12,000 such clothing annually, generating over $ 2 million per year in sales, and has appeared in major fashion shows. According to a CNN correspondent: "In Seattle's Fremont Market, men are often seen exercising in Utilikilt." In 2003, US News said that "Seattle made utilitilt, rough, everyday riffs on traditional Scottish outfits, has jumped from idea to more than 10,000 sold in just three years, over the Web and by word of mouth itself. "" They have become a common sight around Seattle, especially in funkier environments and in the city of many alternative cultural events, they are often worn with thick black boots, "AP reporter Anne Kim wrote. "I really see more people using a kilt in Seattle than me when I live in Scotland," said a buyer in 2003.
In addition, since the mid-1990s, a number of clothing companies have been established to sell skirts designed specifically for men. These included Macabi Skirt in the 1990s, Menintime in 1999 and Midas Clothing in 2002.
In 2010, the fashion chain H & amp; M featuring a skirt for the man in his guidebook.
Wicca and neo-paganism
In Wicca and neopaganism, especially in the United States, men (like women) are encouraged to question their traditional gender roles. Among other things, it involves the wearing of the cloak at the festival and the sabbath festival as a ritual dress (the Eilers is equivalent to the "church attire" worn by Christians on Sunday). Some denominations (called 'traditions') of Wicca even encourage members to include robes, tunics, robes, and other such clothing in their everyday cupboards.
Maps Men's skirts
In non-Western cultures
Outside of Western culture, men's clothing includes skirts and skirts like skirts. One common form is a single sheet of fabric folded and wrapped around the waist, like dhoti/vesi or lungi in India, and sarongs in South and Southeast Asia, and Sri Lanka. In Myanmar, both women and men wear longyi, tubular skirts like cover covers that reach the ankles for women and calves mid to men. There are different varieties and the name of the sarong depends on whether the tip is sewn or tied. There are differences in how dhoti and lungi are used. While lungi is more like a wrap, dhoti wear involves the creation of folds by folding it. A dhoti also passed between the legs making it more like loose pants folded than a skirt.
In Sub-Saharan Africa, clothing such as sarongs sometimes worn by men is known as kanga (or khanga), kitenge (or chitenje), kikoy, and lappa. In Madagascar they are known as lamba. In West Africa, Ghana's chiefs used an iconic kente for a chiton-like cover suit. Exquisite is the delicate leather skirt and tunic from Wodaabe in Niger, used by men to showcase their enhanced beauty and to impress unmarried women at the Gerewol dance. In Central Africa a Cuban official dress requires a red-black-and-white raffia skirt with bobble edges.
The Samoan Lavalava is a "skirt" cover. It is worn by men, women and children. Female lavalava patterns usually have traditional symbols and/or flowers (frangipani). Lavalava men only have traditional symbols. Lavalava blue is the official skirt for the Samoa police uniform.
In Sikhism, a faith dating from the Punjab, there is a traditional dress worn by men and women, called 'baana' or 'chola'. This dress has the bottom of the skirt and is worn over a long white frog. It is traditionally used in combat by Sikh fighters because it allows free movement and remains a part of traditional Sikh dress and identity.
For the pilgrimage, the annual pilgrimage to Mecca, Muslim men wear ihram, simple, seamless clothing made of white cotton like cotton. One part is a skirt-like wound around the bottom of the body; others are thrown loosely on one shoulder. Shepherd Qahtani in the South Asir area using long skirts like a leg skirt. In standard Yemen outfits are long skirts, covers, futah. Palestinians in the Eastern Mediterranean traditionally wear qumbaz, an unisex garment along the ankle, which opens all the way on the front with the right side carried to the left, under the arm, and then tied.
Other similar clothing worn by men around the world including Greek and Balkan fustanella (short cotton skirts flutter), Pacific lava (similar to sarong), fulu sulu vakataga, some Japanese hakama and Bhutanese. The Fijian Sulu is a long leather cloth skirt for both men and women. It is still worn as Fiji's national outfit, in one of the clearer versions of the tradition found, although today the fabric is cotton or other woven material. A Fiji aristocrat will even wear pin-stripe sulu to accompany dress and tie, as a full court dress.
In East Asia, skirts called qun (?) Or chang (?) In Chinese are also worn by men and also dresses from ancient times until the end of the Qing Dynasty in the year 1911. Qin warriors of the first dynasty of the Chinese Empire, dressed in robes such as skirts and protective coats of bronze plates as can be seen in figures unearthed from the famous Terracotta Army. Portraits and sculptures of respected Chinese intellectuals, Confucius shows him wearing a silk cape that wraps.
In Japan there are two types of hakama for men to wear, the divided umanori (???, "hakama horses") and the undivided andon hakama hakama (???, "lantern hakama"). The umanori type has a divided leg, similar to a diverted skirt and trousers. Hakama is a daily dress for the clergyman Kannushi Shinto who performs worship in the shrine. Until the 1940s hakama used to be a necessary part of the common man's clothes. Currently Japanese usually wear hakama only on formal occasions such as tea ceremony, wedding, and funeral. Hakama is also used by practitioners of various martial arts, such as kendo.
In popular culture
One of the foremost examples of men in fictional skirts is the early episode of the Star Trek science fiction TV program: The Next Generation. The uniforms worn in the first and second seasons include variants consisting of short-sleeved tops, with skirts attached. This variant is seen worn by male and female crew members. The Art of Star Trek book explains that "the skirt design for men 'skant' is a logical development, given the total gender equality presumed to exist in the 24th century." However, it may reflect the expectations of the audience, "skant" dropped by the third season of the show.
Dance
In some Western dance cultures, men usually wear skirts and skirts. These include a variety of professional dance productions where they can be used to enhance the artistic effects of choreography, a style known as counter dance, where they are partially worn for ventilation and partly for circling movements, gay dance line clubs where kilts are often worn, and revelers at a Scottish night club where they are subjected to ventilation and to express cultural identity.
See also
- Breeching (boy)
- Woman wearing pants
References
Note
External links
- Victoria & amp; Albert Museum, London - Exhibition 'Men In Skirts', 2002
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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