Naoroji is also credited with the founding of the Indian National Congress, along with A.O. Hume and Dinshaw Edulji Wacha. His book Poverty and British Rules in India brings attention to the depletion of India's wealth to Britain. He is also a member of the Second International along with Kautsky and Plekhanov.
In 2014, Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg inaugurated the Dadabhai Naoroji Award for English-Indian Relationship Services.
India Post presents a stamp for Dadabhai Naoroji on December 29, 2017, on the occasion of the 100th Independence Commemoration of Independence Day, in Ahmedabad.
Video Dadabhai Naoroji
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Naoroji was born in Bombay in a Parsi-speaking Gujarati family, and was educated at the Elphinstone Institute School. He was protected by Maharaja Baroda, Sayajirao Gaekwad III, and started his public life as a Council (Minister) to the Maharaja in 1874. Being an Athornan (ordained priest) Naoroji founded Rahnumae Mazdayasne Sabha (Guide on the Road Mazdayasne) on 1 August 1851 to restore Zoroastrian religion to its original purity and simplicity. In 1854, he also founded a two-week publication of Gujarati, Rast Goftar (or The Truth Teller), to clarify Zoroastrian concepts and promote Parsi's social reforms. In 1855, he was appointed Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy at Elphinstone College in Bombay, becoming the first Indian to hold such an academic position. He traveled to London in 1855 to become a partner in Cama & amp; Co., opened the site of Liverpool for the first Indian company established in the UK. In three years, he resigned for ethical reasons. In 1859, he founded his own cotton trading company, Dadabhai Naoroji & amp; Co Then, he became Gujarati professor at University College London.
In 1865, Dadabhai Naoroji directed the launch of the London Indian Society, whose goal was to discuss Indian political, social, and literary subjects. In 1861, Naoroji established the Zoroastrian Trust Funds of Europe with Muncherjee Hormusji Cama In 1867, Naoroji also helped establish the East India Association, one of the predecessors of the Indian National Congress with the intention of putting the whole point of view of India before the British public. The association was instrumental in fighting propaganda by the London Ethnological Society who, in a session in 1866, had tried to prove inferiority of Asians to Europeans. The association soon won the support of prominent British men and was able to exert a tremendous influence in the British Parliament. In 1874, he became Prime Minister of Baroda and became a member of the Legislative Council of Mumbai (1885-1988). He is also a member of the National Association of India founded by Sir Surendranath Banerjee of Calcutta a few years before the establishment of the Indian National Congress in Bombay, with the same purpose and practice. The two groups later joined the INC, and Naoroji was elected President of Congress in 1886. Naoroji published Poverty and British Rules in India in 1901.
He was a member of the British House of Commons from 1892-1895. During his time, he tried to improve the situation in India. He has a very clear vision and an effective communicator. He expressed his views on the situation in India during the history of state rule and the way the colonial rulers came to power.
Naoroji moved to England once more and continued his political engagement. Elected to the Liberal Party at Finsbury Central in the 1892 general election, he was the first British Indian MP. He refused to take an oath in the Bible because he was not a Christian but was allowed to take the oath of office in the name of God in his copy of Khordeh Avesta . In Parliament, he talks about Irish House Rules and the conditions of the Indian people. He is also a famous Freemason. In his political campaign and duties as a member of parliament, he was assisted by Muhammed Ali Jinnah, a future nationalist candidate and founder of Pakistan. In 1906, Naoroji was re-elected as president of the Indian National Congress. Naoroji was a persistent moderate in the Congress, during a phase when opinion in the party was split between moderate and extremist. Naoroji is a mentor for Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Gopal Krishna Gokhale and Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. She married Gulbai at the age of eleven. He died in Bombay on June 30, 1917, at the age of 91 years. Today the Dadabhai Naoroji Road, the Mumbai heritage road, is named after him. Also, Dadabhai Naoroji Road in Karachi, Pakistan is also named after its name, such as Naoroji Road in the Finsbury area of ​​London. A prominent housing colony for central government employees in south Delhi is also named Naoroji Nagar. His grandson, Perin and Khrushedben were also involved in the struggle for independence. In 1930, Khurshedben was arrested along with other revolutionaries for trying to fly the Indian flag at the Government College in Ahmedabad.
Maps Dadabhai Naoroji
Naoroji disposal and poverty theory
Dadabhai Naoroji's work focused on depleting wealth from India to England during the British colonial rule in India. One of the reasons why Drain's theory is associated with Naoroji is his decision to forecast India's national net income, and by extension, the effects of colonization on the country. Through his work with the economy, Naoroji seeks to prove that Britannia drains money from India. Naoroji describes 6 factors that result in external channels. First, India is governed by a foreign government. Secondly, India does not attract immigrants who bring labor and capital to economic growth. Third, India pays civil administration and British occupation forces. Fourthly, India bears the burden of the kingdom building up and out of its borders. Fifth, opening the country for free trade is actually a way to exploit India by offering high-paying jobs to foreign personnel. Finally, the main breadwinners will buy outside India or go with money because they are mostly foreign personnel. In Naoroji's book, 'Poverty', he estimates a 200-300 million pound loss of Indian income to Britain that is not returned. Naoroji describes this as a vampire, with money being a metaphor for blood, which manipulated India and sought to show England's actions as appalling in an effort to gather sympathy for the nationalist movement.
When referring to Drain, Naoroji states that he believes some rewards are necessary as payment for the services British brought to India such as trains. But money from this service is being drained from India; such as money generated by a non-Indian railroad, which supports his judgment that India gives too much to the British. India pays tribute to something that does not bring profits to the country directly. Instead of paying off foreign investment by other countries, India pays for the services rendered even though rail operations are already profitable in the UK. These types of disposal are experienced in different ways as well, for example, British workers get wages that are not equivalent to the work they do in India, or trade that underestimates Indian goods and exorbitant items. The English are encouraged to take up high paying jobs in India, and the British government allows them to take some of their revenues back to the UK. Furthermore, the East India Company buys Indian goods with dried money from India for export to the UK, which is a way of opening a free trade that allows India to be exploited.
When elected to parliament by a narrow margin of 5 votes, his first speech was about questioning Britain's role in India. Naoroji explains that Indians are British or English slaves, depending on how the British are willing to give India an institution that has been operated by the British. By granting these institutions to India, it will enable India to self-regulate and as a result, revenues will remain in India. It was because Naoroji identified himself as an imperial citizen that he was able to overcome the economic hardships facing India to a British audience. By presenting himself as an Imperial citizen, he was able to use his rhetoric to show the benefit to Britain that the ease of financial burden in India would take place. He argues that by allowing the money earned in India to live in India, the tribute would be voluntary and easily paid without fear of poverty; he argues that this can be done by providing equal employment opportunities to Indian professionals who consistently take on jobs that they over qualify. Indian labor will be more likely to spend their income in India preventing one aspect of the sewer. Naoroji believes that to solve the disposal problem is essential to enable India to develop the industry; this would not be possible without revenue revenues from India to the UK.
It is also important to examine the trade of Britain and India to prevent the expiry of the beginner industry because of the unfair judgment of goods and services. By allowing the industry to grow in India, tributes can be paid to the UK in the form of taxes and increased interest for British goods in India. Over time, Naoroji becomes more extreme in his comments as he begins to lose his temper with the British. This is shown in his comments becoming increasingly aggressive. Naoroji showed how the British ideology came into conflict when asked if they would allow the French youth to occupy all the favorable posts in Britain. He also pointed out the way Britain objected to the deprivation of wealth to the papacy during the 16th century. Naoroji's work on the theory of sewerage was the main reason behind the establishment of the Royal Commission on Expenditure of India in 1896 where he also became a member. The commission reviewed the financial burden in India and in some cases came to the conclusion that the burden was misplaced.
Views and inheritance
Dadabhai Naoroji was considered one of the most important Indians during the independence movement. In his writings, he considers that foreign interference to India is clearly unfavorable to the state.
Further developments were checked with the frequent Indian invasions by, and subsequent sustained rules, strangers possessing entirely different characters and geniuses who, who were not sympathetic to indigenous literature - on the contrary, had many fanatical antipathy towards Hindu religion - preventing more growth continue. Priest-hood, first for strength and afterwards of ignorance, resolves delinquency, as it happens in all other countries.
Naoroji is remembered as "Grand Old Man of Indian Nationalism"
Mahatma Gandhi wrote to Naoroji in a letter in 1894 that "Indians look upon you as children to fathers, that's what feelings are here."
Bal Gangadhar Tilak admires it, he says;
If we twenty-eight Indian crews are entitled to send only one member to the British parliament, there is no doubt that we will choose Dadabhai Naoroji unanimously to grant the post.
Here are the important extracts extracted from his speech before the East India Association on May 2, 1867 about what the educated Indians hoped for from their British rulers.
Difficulties thrown on the road by indigenous people such as reasonable sharing and vote in the country's advertising administration that they can take, creating discomfort and distrust. The universities sent hundreds and will soon begin sending thousands of educated natives. This body naturally increases its influence...
"In this Memorandum I would like to propose a kind and generous consideration to His Excellency, Minister of State for India, that from the same cause of the poor exile [economic wealth from India to England], in addition to India's material tiredness, his moral loss less sad and sad "All [Europeans] are effectively eating the substance of India, materially and morally, while living there, and when they leave, they bring everything they get.... Thousands of [Indians] sent by the university every year find themselves in the most unreasonable position.There is no place for them in their homeland... What must be the inevitable consequence?... despotism and destruction... or destroy the hands and strength. "
In the above quote he explains his theory in which the British use India as a channel of wealth.
A plaque referring to Dadabhai Naoroji is located outside Finsbury Town Hall on Rosebery Avenue, London.
Work
- Customs and customs of the Persians (Bombay, 1864)
- European and Asiatic Race (London, 1866)
- Revenue of educated indigenous people to Indian Civil Service (London, 1868)
- The desire and means of India (London, 1876)
- Indian Condition (Madras, 1882)
- Indian poverty
- Before Bombing Branch of Bombay Association of East India, Bombay, Ranima Union Press, (1876)
- C. L. Parekh, ed., Essays, Speeches, Addresses and Posts from Honorable Dadabhai Naoroji, Bombay, Caxton Printing Works (1887). A quote, "The Benefits of British Rule", in modern texts by J. S. Arkenberg, ed., On line at Paul Halsall, ed., Modern Internet History Sourcebook .
- Lord Salisbury's Blackman (Lucknow, 1889)
- Naoroji, Dadabhai (1861). Parsee Religion . University of London.
- Dadabhai Naoroji (1902). Poverty and British Power in India . Division of Publications, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. Ã, ; Commonwealth Publishers, 1988. ISBNÃ, 81-900066-2-2
See also
- First election in the United Kingdom
References
- Member List of Leigh Rayment Parliament
Further reading
External links
- "Dr. Dadabhai Naoroji, 'The Grand Old Man of India'", Vohuman.org - Presents the complete chronology of the Naoroji life.
- Dadabhai Naoroji Portrait at the National Portrait Gallery, London
- Works by or about Dadabhai Naoroji in the Internet Archive
- Works by Dadabhai Naoroji in LibriVox (public domain audiobook)
- B. Shantanu, "Drain of Wealth during the British Raj", iVarta.com, February 6, 2006
- Hansard 1803-2005: contributions in Parliament by Dadabhai Naoroji
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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