Wrinkle fabrics are textiles that have been treated to withstand external pressures and retain their shape.
Video Wrinkle-resistant fabric
Histori
Cotton, rayon, and linen are very easy to absorb, easily wrinkled. Synthetics such as polyester, nylon, acrylic and olefin, have better stability because they do not absorb water efficiently. Wrinkle treatment has been used since 1929, when cotton fabrics are treated with urea and formaldehyde solutions. The solution forms polymer resins in the yarn that make the fabric thicker, making it resistant to wrinkles. Textiles made of nylon and polyester are naturally wrinkle-resistant, and by 1950 fabrics made from these materials, and of treated cotton are described as "washing and wear" to indicate that there is no need for ironing. In the 1960s and 1970s, developments in treatment chemistry enabled the production of permanent pressed fabrics, now known as long lasting coatings. However, this process weakens clothes; as a result, they quickly run out.
Maps Wrinkle-resistant fabric
Process
Cross-linking is a chemical process to produce textiles with wrinkle resistance. Wrinkle resistance is achieved by crosslinking the cellulose chain to stop moving molecules when in contact with water or other environmental stresses. Polymer cellulose cotton consists of three distinct regions: the crystal region, the amorphous region, and the area between them. Although the crystal region of the cellulose chain is strictly regulated, limiting its mobility, the chains in the amorphous region and the intermediates are bonded together by weaker bonds making them more susceptible to disconnection. There are two types of crosslinkers, which are chemicals that bind together the cellulose chain, the first simply binding the cellulose chain, while the second self-polymerize resin as well.
N-methylol and DMDHEU are commonly used reagents for treatment because they are relatively low; however, they produce free formaldehyde, which has been identified as a potential human carcinogen, and it can also cause harmful dermatological effects. The use of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) (as a catalyst/co-catalyst for these reactions) has become an alternative way of minimizing the formation of free formaldehyde and the loss of fabric strength.
Dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) is the most commonly used press-durable. In this process, chemicals are first applied to the fabric. Then the fabric is heated to allow the chemicals to react with the cellulose molecule. In reaction, the fabric molecules are bonded together to keep them from moving and causing wrinkles. For this reason, durable squeezed clothing behaves as synthetic. However, almost all tangle-resistant clothing is made with poly/cotton blended fabrics.
There is a problem with the post-curing process, the last step of treatment, because if the process is not done perfectly, the garment becomes damaged and can even turn yellow. The company has solved the post curing problem by producing a wrinkle-resistant underwear with a dried cloth.
Other solutions
In the 2000s, fabric softeners were launched to provide more resistance to external pressure and wrinkle recovery, which can be increased by spraying the fabric with an aqueous emulsion made with vegetable oil. The sprays allow the fibers to glide closer to each other, helping them hold their shape. In addition, the process is cheaper and simpler, minimizing chemical waste and water/energy consumption. A more effective anti-wrinkle spray has a higher concentration of vegetable oils that are low in unsaturated fatty acids.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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