Linens are household items intended for everyday use, such as beds, table cloths and towels. "Linen" may also refer to the church linen, which means the altar cloth used in the church.
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History
The earliest household linen is known to be made of thin thread spun from hemp fibers to make linen. Ancient Egyptians, Babylonians, and Phenicians all planted hemp plants. The earliest surviving linen pieces were found in Egyptian tombs and dated to 4000 BC. The hemp fiber has been found in pieces of fabric in Europe that date to prehistoric times of Neolithic.
Cotton is another popular fiber for making fabrics used for household linen. Its use in fabric manufacture also comes from prehistoric times, in the subcontinent of India, China, Peru and Egypt. The Indian subcontinent is especially famous for high quality cotton fabrics in the early 1500 BC.
Linen was a very popular cloth during the Middle Ages in Europe, when cotton was an exotic import. It is used for underwear, chemises, shifts, shirts and blouses, even most clothes worn next to the skin, by those who can afford an extra layer of clothing. The tradition of calling household linen "linen" goods comes from this period, but it means as much clothing as large sheets. According to medieval tradition, which survives to the modern era, the bride is often given a linen gift made by women in her family as a wedding gift, to help her set up a newly married home. In France it is called trousseau, and is often presented to the bride in the hope of wooden chests.
The Industrial Revolution brought great changes to fabric manufacturing. The emergence of European colonialism at the same time helped support the rapid growth of fabric production by creating many sources of cheap raw materials. British fabric manufacturers will import raw cotton from America and the West Indies to Ireland, where it will be spun into yarn. The yarn will be imported into the UK, where mechanical factories employ thousands of workers, who will weave cloth on industrial looms. In 1781, a fabric producer from Manchester testified about his business to the House of Commons committee in the British Parliament. He stated that he employs 6000 workers, who will print and brand 60,000 meters of cotton and linen a year. Cotton is gradually replacing linen for most uses in clothing, but it is still preferred for sheets and tablecloths. Other European countries produce and trade their own household linen types as well, and mass manufacturing techniques and trade competition gradually make affordable household linens become common.
Currently, the term "linen" is still used for bedsheets, tablecloths and similar household textiles, although most are made of cotton, synthetic fabrics, or blends. Particularly in American English, they can be called "white goods", if not the term for the main kitchen utensils.
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Cleaning and storage of linens
House linen cleaning is done according to the type of fabric. Household linens most likely have stains from organic sources such as food, blood, and soil. If the linen is made of natural fibers such as linen or cotton, the fabric should be rinsed as soon as possible in cold water to prevent the stain from becoming permanent. Stains of red wine, or fruit or red or purple fruit are exceptions and should be washed in boiling water, but even so, these stains may not be removed. If not, wash household linen regularly should be done with hot water for hygienic reasons, to destroy the bacteria left in the linen from frequent use. Linen and white cotton can also turn yellow with time, but this is eliminated by bleaching, either by aqueous bleach, or by traditional methods of hanging linen under the sun to let the sunlight whiten the discoloration.
Household linens are stored near the area where they are used, whenever possible, for comfort. Otherwise, bed and kitchen and dining linens can be stored together in linen or closet cabinets. There are many methods of folding linen for storage. For formal occasions, tablecloths can be ironed before use. Traditionally, table linen can be steamed while ironing, to reduce wrinkles and maintain a smooth and pure appearance. Seasonal storage of linen causes the development of natural pest control methods in Europe to prevent moth larvae and other insects or rodents from eating cloth. Saset is made from dried Margosa (neem), cloves, lavender, and other traditional spices, as are cedar wood chips.
Cleaning of the linen industry
Industrial washing was developed in the Middle Ages, when many monasteries and monasteries used their own facilities. Hospitals and boarding schools follow this example. Currently, there are several types of industrial laundry. Hospitals often use laundry to collect used linen. These are transported to industrial laundry, where they are divided into three categories: regular dirty, infected, or staff uniforms. They are washed properly, usually at high temperatures, to ensure that viruses, bacteria, and soil are cleaned and linen hygienic before being returned to the hospital.
In India, Dhobi Ghats provides laundry services for institutions and households. Bed linen and household clothing are collected on the appointed day of the week by Dhobi, who washes clothes in ghat, which are often located in the large Dhobi gobi zone where many Dhobists work in their own kiosks. Each cage is approximately four square meters. Laundry washed in a large tub, rinsed, cleaned by hitting stones made for the purpose, and then linen hung on lane for drying. Industrial Linen is treated on steamers for several hours due to health reasons. Dhobis also iron linen.
Antique Linen
The collection and return of antique linen can be tricky, depending on the condition of the fabric. Many old housekeeping linens are stored filled with flour, which ruin the fabric from time to time as it hardens and causes wear and tear in the fabric where it is folded and wrinkled. The owner of an antique linen should determine whether preservation, repair, or patching is appropriate.
The types of antique linen can be identified by the place where they were made. Some famous locations for making heirloom quality household linens including Ireland, for Irish linen and lace, and Madeira, are known for this type of linen called Madeira fabrics. This type of decoration on linen can make them billable, especially embroidery, including the redwork and bluework of the Victorian era, which only use red or blue threads. Lace trimmings on linen also make them billable, such as Battenberg lace.
Whitelist
January "White selling" has become a habit in the United States since the end of the 19th century. White sales are held by department stores to sell household linens, beds and towels, at a discount. Sales are called "White Sales" because sales begin in an era when these items are only available in white.
List of home linen
List of church linen
Church sheets are used in some Christian churches, with the Roman Catholic Church probably having the most complicated use of them. Sheets are used to represent the sacred nature of the altar and to protect the Eucharist. The church sheets include:
- Altar cloth (sometimes called "Fair Linen")
- Antependium
- Antimensi
- Cloth of baptism
- Burse
- Cere cloth
- The veil
- Corporal
- Fabrics credence
- IndÃÆ'tia
- Lavabo
- Pall
- Purificator
- StrachÃÆ'tsa
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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