Quilting is the process of sewing two or more layers of fabric together to create a thicker material, usually to make a quilt or quilted garment. Typically, quilting is done with three layers: upper or quilt top fabric, batting or insulating material and support materials, but many different styles are adopted.
The quilting process uses needles and threads to combine two or more layers of material to create quilts. The hand or quilter sewing machine passes the needle and thread through all the layers and then brings the needle back. This process is repeated in all areas where quilting is desired. Stitching, straight or walking stitches are generally used with purely functional or decorative stitching. Quilting is done to create bed spread, art quilt wall hangings, clothes, and various textile products. Quilting can make a thick project, or with solid quilting, can raise one area so that the other stands out.
The whole process of making quilted or quilted garments also involves other steps such as designing, connecting, applying, and binding. Someone working on quilting is referred to as quilter . Quilting can be done by hand, through a sewing machine, or with a special quilting longarm system.
Quilt stores often sell fabrics, yarns, patterns and other items used for quilting. They often have sewing and knitting classes where one can learn sewing or blankets.
Video Quilting
Histori
Awal quilting fungsional
The word "quilt" comes from the Latin culcita which means sack content but goes into English from the French word cuilte . The origins of quilting remain unknown but the sewing techniques of grafting, appliquà ©  ©, and quilting have been used for clothing and furniture in different parts of the world for several millennia. The earliest known garment garment is depicted in an ivory figure carved from a Pharaoh dating from the Ancient Egyptian Ancient Dynasty (~ 3400 BC). In 1924 archaeologists discovered a layered floor covering in Mongolia. They estimate the date between 100 BC to 200 AD. The Chinese embroidery continues as the arts of the people.
There are many references to blankets in the literature and inventory of estates. The Crusaders carried plated objects from the Middle East to Europe at the end of the 11th century. The layered clothing known as the gambesons was very popular in the Middle Ages of Europe, worn both as a complete armor and under letters and plates to protect the body and prevent blisters. The earliest European bedding duvet is known from the late fourteenth century Sicily: Tristan's linen-covered blanket and coated with wool. The blocks in the middle are scenes from the legend of Tristan. Quilt is 122 "by 106" and is at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.
Quilting has become part of the sewing tradition in Europe from around the 5th century. The initial object contained Egyptian cotton, which could show that Egyptian and Mediterranean trade provided a channel for the technique. Rare objects are relatively rare in Europe until about the twelfth century, when layered quilts and other items emerged after the return of the Crusaders from the Middle East. The medieval quilted gambarson, acetone and arming doublets are worn under clothing or instead of armor armor or plates. It evolved into quilted doublets then worn as part of the fashionable European men's clothing from the fourteenth century to the seventeenth century. Quilting apparel began to be commonly used in the fourteenth century, with double twin and armor-lined armor worn in France, Germany, and England and tunics in layers in Italy.
American Blanket
In the days of the American Colonials, quilts were dominated by quilts fabric-a piece of layered fabric with batting and backing that was held together with fine quilting. Broderie invited popular blankets during this time and most of the blankets patched or applied made during the period 1170-1800, were medal-style quilts (blankets with a central ornamental panel and one or more borders.)). Patchwork quilting in America began in the 1770s, the decade of the United States gained its independence from the UK. The patchwork quilts of the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries often mix wool, silk, linen, and cotton in equal pieces, and mix large-scale (often chintz) and small-scale (often calico) patterns. Some antique blankets made in North America have old blankets or blankets as an internal batting layer, coated between layers of new fabrics and thereby extending the usefulness of old materials.
During the pioneering days of America, paper quilting became popular. Paper is used as a pattern and each piece of fabric is cut into pieces around the paper pattern. Paper is a rare item in early western America so women will keep letters from home, newspaper clippings, and catalogs for use as a pattern. Paper not only serves as a pattern but as an insulator. The paper found among the old blankets has been a major source of information about pioneer life.
Blankets made without insulation or batting are referred to as a summer blanket. They are not made for warmth, just to keep the cold during a cold summer night.
African-American Blanket
There is a long African-American quilting tradition that begins with a blanket made by slaves, both for themselves and for their owners. This blanket style is determined primarily by periods of time and territories, not races, and documented artificial blankets usually resemble those made by white women in their territory. After 1865 and the end of slavery in the United States, African-Americans began to develop their own quilting style. Harriet Powers, an African American woman born in slaves, made two famous story blankets. He is just one of many African-American quilters that contribute to the evolution of quilting. The first national recognition of the making of African-American blankets came when the queuing community of Gee's Bend was celebrated in an exhibition that opened in 2002 and traveled to many museums, including the Smithsonian. Gee's Bend is a small, isolated, African-American community in southern Alabama with a quilt-making tradition that goes back several generations and is characterized by improvisation patterns, multiple patterns, bright and contrasting colors, visual movements and lack of rules. Contributions made by Harriet Powers and other quilters from Gee's Bend, Alabama have been recognized by the US Postal Service with a series of stamps. The communal nature of the quilting process (and how it can unite women of different races and backgrounds) is respected in the stamp series.
Starting with the stories of the children of Sweet Clara and Freedom Quilt (1989), a legend has grown that slaves use blankets as a means of sharing and sending secret messages to escape from slavery and underground trek trips. The consensus among historians is that there is no solid basis for this belief, and no documentation mentions among the thousands of slave narratives or other contemporary records.
Amish quilt
Other American groups to develop different quilting styles are Amish. Typically, these quilts use only solid fabrics, which are cut from geometric shapes, do not contain appliquà ©, and simple construction (corners are swung, not clogged, for example) and done entirely by hand. Amish Quilts also tend to use simple patterns: Lancaster County Amish is known for the Diamond-in-a-Square and Bar patterns, while other communities use patterns such as Brick, Streak of Lightning, Chinese Coins, and Log Cabins, and the midwestern community is known for block patterns they repeated. Borders and color choices also vary by community. For example, the Lancaster quilt has a wide width with luxury quilting, while the Midwestern quilt features a narrower boundary to balance the need for piecing.
Native American blanket
Some Native Americans are thought to have studied quilting through the observations of white settlers; others learn it from missionaries who teach quilting to Native American women along with other housekeeping skills. Native American women quickly develop their own unique style, Lone Star design (also called Star of Bethlehem), variations on Morning Star design that has been featured on American native clothing and other items for centuries. This blanket often displays appliquÃÆ'  © flower framing star design. Blanket images, made with appliquà ©  ©, are also common.
Another distinctive style of Genuine American quilting is piecing Seminole, made by Seminoles who live in Florida Everglades. This style develops the need for fabrics (nearby cities are often a week's distance away). The woman will make pieces of stitches of cloth rolls, then sew them into larger pieces to make clothes. Eventually the style began to be used not only for clothing but also for quilts. In 1900, with the introduction of sewing machines and fabrics available in the Seminole community, the patterns became much more complicated and styles continue to be used today, both by Seminole women and by others who have copied and customized their designs and techniques.
Quilting Hawaii
"Hawaiian Quilting was established at the beginning of the 20th century, and Hawaiian women learned to wear a blanket from the wives of missionaries from New England in the 1820s.Although they studied both the work and the applique, by the 1870s they had adapted the applique technique to create a unique Hawaiian style of expression.The classic Hawaiian blanket design is a large, thick, curved pattern that covers most of the blanket surface, with symmetrical design pieces from just one piece of cloth. "
Quilting South Asia
There are two main forms of quilting originating from South Asia: Nakshi Kantha and Ralli. Nakshi Kantha's blanket comes from India and is usually made of scraps and worn fabrics sewn together with old stamens using kantha embroidery stitches. "The layers of cloth are scattered on the ground, held with weights at the ends, and sewn together with a row of great stitches, the fabric is folded and worked on whenever there is time." The first recorded kantha is over 500 years old.
Ralli blankets are traditionally made in Pakistan, western India, and the surrounding area. They are created by every sector of society including Hindu and Muslim women, women of different castes, and women from different towns or villages or tribes with varying colors and designs among these groups. Its name comes from ralanna , a word that means mixing or connecting. Quilt tops are designed and cut by a woman using hand-colored cotton pieces. This cotton often comes from an old dress or scarf. After the cut, the top of the quilt is placed on a mat of reeds with other layers and sewn together using a thick, colored thread in a straight line parallel to the family members and the designer community.
Quilting Sweden
Quilting comes from Sweden in the fifteenth century with a lot of stitches and ins and outs made for the very rich. These blankets, made of silk, wool, and felt, are meant to be decorative and functional and are found in churches and in noble houses. Imported cotton first appeared in Sweden in 1870, and began to appear in Swedish blankets as soon as along with pieces of wool, silk, and linen. As the availability of cotton increases and the price falls, quilting becomes widespread among all Swedish society classes. Weiltier quilters use wool batting while others use pieces of linen, cloth, or paper mixed with animal hair. In general, this quilt is simple and narrow, made by men and women. The greatest influence on quilting Sweden in this period is thought to have come from America because Swedish immigrants to the United States returned to their home country when conditions improved.
Art quilting
During the late 20th century, art blankets became popular because of their aesthetic and artistic qualities and not for functionality because they are displayed on walls or tables rather than being used in bed. "It is believed that decorative quilting came to Europe and Asia during the Crusades 1100-1300 AD), a possible idea because textile art is more developed in China and India than in the West. "
Modern quilting
At the beginning of the 21st century, modern quilting became a more prominent quilting area. The modern quilting follows a different aesthetic style that refers to the inspiration of modern styles in architecture, art, and design using traditional blanket making techniques. Modern blankets are different from art blankets as they are made for use. The modern quilt is also influenced by being influenced by Quilters of Gee's Bend, Amish quilts, Nancy Crow, Denyse Schmidt, Gwen Marston, Yoshiko Jinzenji, Bill Kerr and Weeks Ringle.
Knit in fashion and design
Unusual quilting designs are increasingly becoming popular as decorative textiles. As industrial sewing technology has become more precise and flexible, quilting using exotic fabrics and embroidery began to appear in home furnishings in the early 21st century.
Block blanket
Quilt blocks are traditionally patterned patterned fabrics that are repeated with plain blocks to form the overall design of the quilt. There are different designs for blanket blocks including Nine-Patch, Shoo Fly, Churn Dash, and Prairie Queen.
Nine Patches are made by sewing five patterned or dark pieces (patches) into four square parts in back and forth. These nine sewn boxes make one block.
The Shoo Fly varies from Nine Patches by dividing each of the four corner pieces into light and dark triangles.
Another variation develops when one part of the square is divided into two equal rectangles in the basic Nine Patch design. The Churn Dash block combines triangles and rectangles to expand the Nine Patches.
The Prairie Queen block combines two large-scale triangles in the corner with the middle section using four boxes. The middle part is a square full size. Each of the nine sections has the same overall measurement and fits together.
Maps Quilting
Type and supplies
Many types of quilting exist today. Two of the most widely used are hand quilting and quilting machines.
Quilting hand is the process of using needles and threads to sew stitches by hand across the area to be coated. This binds a shared layer. Quilting frames or circles are often used to help hold the coated pieces of the quilter lap. A quilter can make one stitch at a time by first moving the needle through the fabric from the right side, then pushing it back through the material from the wrong side to complete the puncture; this is called a stab prick. Another option is called a rocking shaft, where the quilter has one hand, usually with a finger in a thimble, on a blanket, while the other hand is located under the cut to push the needle back. The third option is called "loading the needle" and involves performing four or more stitches before pulling the needle through a cloth. The quilting hand is still done by Amish and Mennonite in the United States and Canada, and enjoys revival around the world.
Quilting machine is the process of using home sewing machine or longarm machine to stitch the layers together. With a home sewing machine, the layers are affixed together before quilting. This involves placing the top, hitting, and rewinding on a flat, embedded surface (using a large safety pin) or uniting the layers. Longarm quilting involves placing layers that will be coated on a special frame. The frame has a slab where the layer is rolled, keeping it together without the need to install or embed. These frames are used with professional sewing machines mounted on the platform. The platform runs along the track so the machine can be moved across the layers on the frame. Longarmer machine is moved on the cloth. Instead, the fabric is moved through a home sewing machine.
Binding is another technique for linking three layers together. This is mainly done on quilts that are made for use and needed quickly. The binding process of the quilt is done by yarn or double thread strands. Square node is used to finish the bond so that the blanket can be washed and used without fear knots will be released. This technique is commonly called "tacking." In the Midwest, bed covers are called blankets.
Quilting is now taught in some American schools. It is also taught in senior centers around the US, but quilters of all ages attend classes. The forms of workshops or classes are also available in other countries in the guild and community college.
Contemporary quilters use a variety of designs and quilting styles, from futuristic and ethnic to post-modern futuristic patterns. No school or style dominates the quilt-making world. Regardless of skill level, all quilters know the importance of having the right tools while quilting. Having the right tool improves the fluid process of making a quilt and can even be upgraded over time with exercise. Having the right tools will maximize efficiency and make the quilting experience a memorable one. Below is a list of different tools and tips that can be used to make blankets by hand or machine:
- Sewing machine
A good quality sewing machine is a useful addition to the process of uniting the top of the blanket. Some also use home sewing machines to knit layers of blankets, as well as bind to final products. It is important to understand how your particular model works to choose the right settings, install needles and coils, and operate the machine. Here's a practical guide on using the machine.
- Fabric Marker or Ruler
When you make a blanket, it is important to mark the fabric you cut to have some sort of guide when cutting the cloth, or you can use the quilting roller and rotary cutter. When marking a cloth, you are advised to use a cloth marker, which is a marker that washes when a blanket is washed or will fade after repeated washing.
- Longarm quilting machine
The quilting longarm machine makes it easier to make larger blankets because of the long sleeves used. Being able to utilize a larger machine and not having to hold the material being used while quilting helps the process move faster and make it easier on the quilter. Some quilt stores offer longarm services, where people can pay for their projects to be quilt and in some cases, bound too.
- Quilting Needles Machine
When knitting one of the most important tools used is a needle. Whether you are quilting by hand or with a machine, the needles used are essential for the end result. Using a wrong needle can cause wrinkles, bulges, or even torn material. There are many different types of needles and seeing a sewing needle will be a good guide.
- Pin and Thimbles
Understanding how pins and thimbles work is also very important in the quilt making process. Many different pining combinations can be used to get the same results and the interesting part is finding the combination and generating new ones. Bidal is not necessary but good for keeping the fingers safe.
- Thread
Choosing the right type of yarn for a quilt can be difficult and beginners may need the help of more sophisticated experts or quilter. The color, composition, and type of yarn used will have an important role in the final result of the quilt.
- Rotary Cutters and Boards
What used quilter to cut the fabric is an important step in the quilting process. It is important that each part is completely aligned to prevent uneven or careless appearances and to prevent rework. Rotary cutters revolutionized quiltmaking when they emerged in the late 1970s. A rotary cutter offers even the smallest hand capability to produce the perfect cut, even and minimize the chance of error.
- Quilting Templates/Patterns
Blankets can have many different templates or patterns and they can have a big impact on the end result. There are a number of media that can be used and depending on their use, size, and style will give you a quilt of varying views. Templates are generally regarded as basic blanket structures, such as blueprints for a house. If used correctly, it can help quilters generate quilts as they see fit and give them a sense of satisfaction and vision to quilt the future they want to make.
Processes and definitions
The basics of quilt assembly
This section explains basic information about assembling quilts using quilting machine techniques. Many cultures and groups in different parts of the world have their own unique quilting approaches, methods and styles that are not discussed below.
Assemble top quilt
Choose fabric
The top layer of quilt is usually made of quilting cotton fabric. Choosing a fabric can be a challenging exercise, and the number of different fabrics required depends on the chosen quilting pattern. Many quilters will also use cloth from home, incorporating cloth with a particular sentimental interest.
Fabrics Preparation
Newly purchased fabrics are often washed before cutting or sewing. If not washed beforehand, there is a risk of dyeing the bloody cloth during the washing later. Many fabric manufacturers take this into account and have taken steps to prevent color bleeding. Washing, and then drying, the fabric will also shrink some of the fabric, so it is best to do this before cutting the fabric into the required shapes and sizes. The fabric must be ironed evenly before it is cut to prevent creases or wrinkles from altered measurements.
Cut fabrics
With large-scale projects such as quilts, it is often advantageous to have a cutters and rotary mat. Rotary cutting tools are cutting tools with round blades, making it easy to cut straight lines smoothly. Rotary Cutters come with different size blades: larger blades are useful for large projects with straight lines, while smaller knives are helpful for small areas or curved lines. The rotary mat protects the table and the surface of the blade, while also protecting the spearhead from damage. Quilting rulers can also be used, to help ensure that all pieces are cut into a consistent size. The quilting ruler is made of clear plastic and has a clear grid line across the ruler's surface. The ruler of this type allows to cut a piece of cloth with the correct width or length without having to use a tape measure and chalk fabric. Measurements must include a seam allowance.
Sew pattern
After the fabric has been cut, the pieces are sewn together in the chosen pattern. This can be done by hand or by machine. Accurate stitching allowance is very important when it comes to quilting. With tens, sometimes hundreds, different stitches, if each stitch is removed even 0.5 cm, it becomes difficult to make all components fit together equally.
Knit sandwich
Layer quilts
There are usually three layers in a blanket: the top of the quilt, the middle layer of batting, and the backing of the fabric. The top of the blanket is the design layer. Cotton or polyester fabric in the middle layer is what determines the warmth of the blanket. Batting has different thicknesses depending on the purpose of the final quilt, and multiple layers of batting can be combined to improve the warmth of the final product. The bottom layer is often a simple layer of solid fabric, in a color scheme and neutral or free design, although some quilters use extra fabric or backup from the top of the covers to create a secondary design for backing.
Empty layers
Before actually knitting the fabric, some quilters poured quilts. Polishing is the practice of making long and loose stitches in a grid format across the quilt surface to withstand the quilt layers and prevent them from shifting during the quilting process. Finishing can also be done by using a large curved pin rather than a machine or hand polishing.
Quilting
The quilt layers are then sewn together, either by hand or through the use of a sewing machine or longarm. One quilting method involves the use of an outline or stencil applied to the blanket surface using a chalk fabric, washable marker or an iron pattern. Quilter will sew the pattern used, wash or remove the stencil after the blanket is finished. Some quilter choose not to use pattern. Quilting motion freely is a quilting process without the use of stencils or other guides, requiring stable hands and plenty of practice. Quilting is usually solved by starting from the middle, and moving outwards towards the edge of the blanket. Quilting can be very decorative, consisting of stitches formed into intricate designs or patterns, simple or complicated geometric grids, "motifs" traced from published patterns of quilting or traced images, freehand, or complex repetitive designs called tesselations. Quilter can choose to emphasize this design by using colorful or metallic threads, or very high contrast on the fabric. Instead, quilter may choose to make quilting disappear, using nylon or "invisible" nylon threads, threads that match the top of the quilt, or stitches within the patch layers themselves (commonly known as "trench seams").
Binding
After the coating has been coated, the edges must be finished and tied. There are many different ways to tie a blanket. One of the simplest is to sew one side of the fabric to the front side of the blanket, through all the layers of cloth, then fold the lane to the back side of the fabric and seal the closed hand tie. If the blanket will be hung on the wall, there is an additional step: make and attach a hanging sleeve.
In Chinese
Across China, a simple method of generating quilts is used. This involves setting a temporary roadside site. A frame is assembled where a cotton yarn grille is made. Cotton batting, either new or taken from discarded quilts, is prepared in a cellular carding machine. The mechanism of the carding machine is supported by a small gasoline motor. Batting is then added, layer by layer, to the area within the frame. Between each layer, a new yarn grille is made with wooden discs used to condense the layers. [2]
Definition
- Continuing: Sew the small pieces of fabric into a pattern, called a block, which is then sewn together to make the top of the finished blanket. These blocks can be sewn together, end to end, or separated by strips of fabric called sashing. Note: The whole cloth blanket is not usually cut, but is made using a piece of fabric to the top of the blanket.
- Pieced quilt: Pieced quilts are also known as patchworks. They consist of geometric shapes taken from different fabrics and sewn together. After the process, this is referred to as the top quilt. Quilting patterns generally follow the design of geometric patterns. The blanket eventually became a mixture of various types of fabrics and geometric designs and shapes that were organized in a certain way.
- Borders: Usually a strip of cloth of varying width is added to the perimeter of the block pieces to finish the top of the blanket. Note: The limit may also consist of simple or patterned blocks that are sewn together into a single line, before being added to the top of the quilt.
- Layering: Place the top of the quilt above batting and backing. Quilting: Sewing through three layers of quilts (the top of the quilt, batting, and quilt back), usually in a decorative pattern, which serves three purposes:
- To secure layers of each other,
- To add to the beauty and design of the finished quilt, and
- To trap air in the plated section, make the blanket much warmer than the part.
- Binding: Long cloth strips cut the bias attached to the blanket boundary. Binding is usually sewn to the front edge of the blanket edge, folded twice, and hand sewn to the back side of the blanket.
Quilting is often combined with embroidery, patchwork, applique, and other forms of sewing.
Custom styles
- Foundation connecting - also known as paper-grafting - sewing pieces of cloth onto a temporary or permanent runway
- The shadow or echo of quilting - Hawaiian quilting, where quilting is done around the appliquà © cut at the top of the blanket, then quilting the echo again and again around the previous quilting line.
- Ralli quilting - quilting Pakistan and Indians, often associated with Sindh (Pakistan) and Gujarat (India) territories.
- Sashiko Sutures - Basic running stitches work in thick white cotton threads usually on dark indigo fabrics. Initially used by the working class to unite layer by warmth.
- Trapunto quilting - quilting content, often associated with Italian.
- Quilting trapunto machine - the process uses water-soluble threads and an additional layer of batting to achieve the trapunto design and then flank the covers and re-sew the design with ordinary cotton yarn.
- Shadow trapunto - This involves quilting the design on a nice page and filling some space in a pattern with small colored wool.
- Tivaevae or tifaifai - A different art from the Cook Islands.
- Quilting watercolors - A sophisticated form of quilting scrap where uniform sizes of various prints are arranged and sewn to create drawings or designs. See also Colorwash.
- Threaded art - A special sewing style where the layered strands to draw the picture on a blanket.
See also
- Broderie perse
- Quilting machine
- Art blankets
- List of quilters
References
External links
- Colby, Averil. Quilting . New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1971.
- Folklore Pennsylvania: Woven Together TV program on the art of textiles
- The National Gallery of Australia - Rajah Quilt 1841
- Australian War Memorial - Changi Quilts WW2
- Directory of quilts at Australian Museum and Gallery
- American Museum in England - American Decorative and Folk Art Collection
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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