Medical gloves are disposable gloves used during inspection and medical procedures to help prevent cross contamination between nurses and patients. Medical gloves are made of various polymers including latex, nitrile rubber, polyvinyl chloride and neoprene; they come without powder, or powder with cornstarch to lubricate the glove, making it easier to put in the hand. Cornstarch replaces Lycopodium powder and powder that irritates the tissues, but even cornstarch can inhibit healing if it enters the tissues (as during surgery). Thus, non-polished gloves are used more frequently during surgery and other sensitive procedures. A special manufacturing process is used to compensate for the lack of powder. There are two main types of gloves: examination and surgery. Surgical gloves have more precise sizes with better sensitivity and sensitivity and are manufactured to a higher standard. Examination gloves are available as sterile or non-sterile, while surgical gloves are generally sterile.
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Histori
Caroline Hampton became chief nurse of the operating room when Johns Hopkins Hospital was opened in 1889. When "(i) in the winter of 1889 or 1890" she developed skin reactions to mercury chloride used for asepsis, William Halsted, her soon-to-be husband, asked the Goodyear Rubber Company to produce thin rubber gloves for protection. In 1894 Halsted applied the use of sterilized medical gloves at Johns Hopkins.
The first disposable latex medical glove was produced in 1964 by Ansell. They base their production on techniques for making condoms. These gloves have various clinical uses ranging from dealing with human feces to dental applications.
Criminals are also known to wear medical gloves during a crime. These gloves are often chosen because their thinness and elasticity allow for agility. However, due to the thinness of these gloves, the fingerprints may actually pass through the material as a glove, thereby transferring the wearer's mold to the untouched or handled surface.
Watergate theft participants ruthlessly wear rubber surgical gloves in an effort to hide their fingerprints.
Maps Medical glove
Sizing
In general, examination of gloves are sized in XS, S, M and L. Some brands may offer XL sizes. Surgical gloves are usually more appropriate because they are worn for longer periods and require extraordinary agility. The size of surgical gloves is based on the length measured on the palm in inches, at a level slightly above the stitched thumb. Typical sizes range from 5.5 to 9.0 by a margin of 0.5. Some brands may also offer 5.0 sizes that are highly relevant for female practitioners. Users of surgical gloves first take time to find sizes and brands that match their hand geometry. People with thick palms may require a size larger than size and vice versa.
Research on a group of American surgeons found that the most common surgical glove size for men was 7.0, followed by 6.5; and for women 6.0 followed by 5.5.
Powdered gloves
To facilitate wearing gloves, the powder has been used as a lubricant. The initial powder comes from pine or club lichens found toxic. Talcum powder is used for decades but is associated with postoperative granulomas and scar formation. Corn starch, another agent used as a lubricant, was also found to have potential side effects such as inflammatory reactions and granulomas and scar formation.
Removal of powdered medical gloves
With the availability of non-powder medical gloves that are easy to do, calls for the removal of powdered gloves become harder. By 2016, health care systems in Germany and the UK have eliminated their use. In March 2016, the FDA issued a proposal to ban their medical use as well. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a regulation on December 19, 2016 which prohibits all powdered gloves devoted to medical use. The rules take effect on January 18, 2017.
Powder-free medical gloves are used in a clean medical environment, where the need for hygiene is often similar to a sensitive medical environment.
Chlorination
To make it easier to don without the use of powder, gloves can be treated with Chlorine. Chlorination affects some beneficial properties of latex, but also reduces the amount of latex allergen protein.
Alternative to latex
Due to increased levels of latex allergies among health professionals, and in the general population, gloves made of non-latex materials such as polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber, or neoprene have been widely used. Chemical processes can be used to reduce the amount of antigenic protein in Hevea latex, producing alternative natural rubber-based materials such as Vytex Natural Rubber Latex. However, non-latex gloves have not replaced latex gloves in the surgical procedure, since gloves made of alternative materials generally do not fully fit with fine control or greater sensitivity to the touches available with latex surgical gloves. (High-quality isoprene gloves are the only exception to this rule, since they have the same chemical structure as natural latex rubber, but fully artificial polyisoprene - rather than the "hypoallergenic" natural rubber rubbers that are cleaned - also the most expensive latex replacement available.) Other high-quality non-latex gloves, such as nitrile gloves, can cost more than twice the price of their latex products, a fact that often prevents switching to these alternative materials in cost-sensitive environments, such as many hospitals. Nitrile is a synthetic rubber. It has no latex protein content and is more resistant to tearing. Also very resistant to many chemicals and very safe for people who are allergic to latex proteins. Nitrile gloves are the most durable type of disposable gloves. Although nitrile gloves are known for their durability, care should be taken when handling silver and other highly reactive metals because they can react with sulfur, acceleration in nitrile gloves.
Double gloving
Double gloving is the practice of wearing two layers of medical gloves to reduce the danger of infection from glove failure or penetration of gloves by sharp objects during medical procedures (For people with HIV and Hepatitis, surgeons use antiviral gloves). It should be better to protect the patient against the infection that is transmitted by the surgeon. A systematic review of the literature has shown double gloving to offer more significant protection against glove perforations in surgical procedures than with the use of a single glove coat. But it is unclear whether there is better protection against infections transmitted by surgeons. Another systematic review is studied if double gloving protects the surgeon better against the infection transmitted by the patient. Results pooled from 12 studies (RCTs) with 3,437 participants showed that double gloving reduced the number of perforations in inner gloves by 71% compared to single gloves. On average ten surgeons/nurses involved in 100 surgeries supported 172 single glove perforations but with double gloves with only 50 inner gloves that would have a hole. This is a considerable risk reduction.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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